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1 κορύσσω
Aκόρυσσε Il.21.306
; poet. inf. - έμεν Pi.P.8.75:—[voice] Med., [tense] aor. ἐκορυσσάμην, part.κορυσσάμενος Il.19.397
:—[voice] Pass., [tense] pf. κεκόρυθμαι, part. κεκορυθμένος, freq. in Hom. (v. infr.): ([etym.] κόρυς):— poet., chiefly [dialect] Ep., Verb, prop. furnish with a helmet: hence,1 generally, fit out, equip, marshal,πόλεμόν τε κορύσσων Il.2.273
;κλόνον ἀνδρῶν Hes.Sc. 148
; μάχην ib. 198;μάχας ἔργον Pi.I.8(7).58
;φιλαιμάτους ἀλκάς E.Rh. 933
:—in Hom. mostly [voice] Pass. and [voice] Med., equip, arm oneself,τὼ δὲ κορυσσέσθην Il.4.274
; ; ; , etc.; of things, δοῦρε δύω κεκορυθμένα χαλκῷ headed with brass, 3.18, 11.43: abs., ἔγχος, βριθὺ μέγα στιβαρὸν κεκορυθμένον 16.802: c. acc., ὅπλων κεκορυθμένος ἔνδυτ' E.IA 1073 (lyr.): metaph.,ἔριδι κ. Id.Andr. 279
(lyr.).II make crested, κόρυσσε δὲ κῦμα ῥόοιο reared his crested wave, Il.21.306:—[voice] Pass., rear its head, of a wave,πόντῳ μέν τε πρῶτα κορύσσεται Il.4.424
, cf. A.R.2.71; of Eris,ἥ τ' ὀλίγη μὲν πρῶτα κορύσσεται Il.4.442
; χείμαρρε, τί δὴ τόσον ὧδε κορύσσῃ; AP9.277 (Antiphil.); of clouds, Theoc.25.94, etc.; also of birds, Thphr.Sign.16: metaph.,Δῆμος.. πρὸς πνεῦμα βραχὺ κ. Com.Adesp.1324
; cf. κορθύνω. ( κορύττεται 'butts' Agath.1.4 is prob. f.l. for κορύπτεται: [tense] aor. [voice] Med.κορύξασθαι, δίκην ἀλεκτρυόνος Ath.3.127a
, dub.l. in Hp.Ep.17.)Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κορύσσω
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2 ψιλός
I of land, bare, ψ. ἄροσις open cornland, Il.9.580;πεδίον μέγα τε καὶ ψ. Hdt.1.80
;ὁ λόφος.. δασὺς ἴδῃσί ἐστι, ἐούσης τῆς ἄλλης Λιβύης ψ. Id.4.175
;ἀπὸ ψ. τῆς γῆς Pl.Criti. 111d
, cf. X.An.1.5.5, etc.: in full, [γῆ] ψ. δενδρέων Hdt.4.19
,21; ἄδενδρα καὶ ψ., of the Alps, Plb.3.55.9; τὰ ψ. (sc. χωρία), opp. τὰ ὑλώδη, X.Cyn.5.7; τόποι ψ. ib.4.6; ψ. γεωργία the tillage of land for corn and the like, opp. γ. πεφυτευμένη (the tillage of it for vines, olives, etc.), Arist.Pol. 1258b18, Thphr.CP3.20.1; soγῆ ψ. Eup. 230
, D.20.115, Tab.Heracl.1.175, 2.33;ἐλαῖαι, ὧν νῦν τὰ πολλὰ ἐκκέκοπται καὶ ἡ γῆ ψ. γεγένηται Lys.7.7
.II of animals, stripped of hair or feathers, smooth (cf.λεῖος 1.3
),δέρμα.. ἐλάφοιο Od.13.437
;σάρξ Hp.
Aër.19; ἡμίκραιραν ψ. ἔχων with half the head shaved, Ar. Th. 227; ψ. γνάθοι ib. 583;τὴν ὀσφὺν κομιδῇ ψ. Pherecr.23.4
(anap.); used of dogs with a short, smooth coat of hair, X.Cyn.3.2;τὴν δίποδα ἀγέλην τῷ ψ. καὶ τῷ πτεροφυεῖ τέμνειν Pl.Plt. 266e
;ἄνθρωπος -ότατον κατὰ τὸ σῶμα τῶν ζῴων πάντων ἐστί Arist.GA 745b16
; so ἶβις ψ. τὴν κεφαλήν without feathers, bald on the head, Hdt.2.76; hairless, of the foetus of a hare, Id.3.108; ψ. τὰ περὶ τὴν κεφαλήν, of the ostrich, Arist.PA 697b18.b ψιλαὶ Περσικαί Persian carpets, Callix.2; such a carpet is called ψιλή alone, PSI7.858.2 (iii B. C., pl.), LXXJo.7.21; ψιλὴ πολύμιτος, Babylonicum, Gloss.; ψιλή = aulaeum, tapeta, ibid.; cf. ψιλόταπις.2 generally, bare, uncovered, ψ. ὡς ὁρᾷ νέκυν, i. e. without any earth over it, S.Ant. 426; of a horse which has thrown its rider, AP13.18 ([place name] Parmeno).b c. gen., bare of, separated from, ψ. σώματος οὖσα [ἡ ψυχή] Pl.Lg. 899a;τέχναι ψ. τῶν πράξεων Id.Plt. 258d
;ψ. ὅπλων Id.Lg. 834c
;ἱππέων X.Cyr.5.3.57
;θηρία μεμονωμένα καὶ ψ. τῶν Ἰνδῶν Plb.11.1.12
.c stripped of appendages, naked, ψ. [τρόπις] the bare keel with the planks torn from it, Od.12.421; ψ. μάχαιραι swords alone, without other arms, etc., X.Cyr.4.5.58; θάλαττα ψ. blank sea, Aristid.Or.25(43).50.III freq. in Prose, as a military term, of soldiers without heavy armour, light troops, such as archers and slingers, opp. ὁπλῖται, first in Hdt.7.158, al., freq. in Th., e. g.ὁπλίζει τὸν δῆμον, πρότερον ψ. ὄντα 3.27
, cf. Arr.Tact.3.3;ὁ ψ. ὅμιλος Th.4.125
; so ψιλοί or τὸ ψιλόν, opp. τὸ ὁπλιτικόν, X.HG4.2.17, Arist.Pol. 1321a7; ψιλός, opp. ὡπλισμένος, S.Aj. 1123: coupled with ἄσκευος, Id.OC 1029;ψιλὸς στρατεύσομαι Ar.Th. 232
;ψ. δύναμις Arist.Pol. 1321a13
; αἱ κοῦφαι καὶ αἱ ψ. ἐργασίαι work that belongs to unarmed soldiers, ib. 1321a25;ψ. χερσὶν πρὸς καθωπλισμένους Ael.VH6.2
: but ψ. ἔχων τὴν κεφαλήν bare-headed, without helmet, X.An.1.8.6; ψ. ἵππος a horse without housings, Id.Eq.7.5: unarmed, defenceless, S.Ph. 953.IV λόγος ψ. bare language, i. e. prose, opp. to poetry which is clothed in the garb of metre, Pl.Mx. 239c, Phld.Mus.p.97K.; more freq. in pl.,ψ. λόγοι Pl.Lg. 669d
; opp. τὰ μέτρα, Arist.Rh. 1404b14,33: but in D.27.54 ψ. λόγος is a mere speech, a speech unsupported by evidence; and in Pl.Tht. 165a ψιλοὶ λόγοι are mere forms of argumentation, dialectical abstractions (so ψιλῶς λέγειν speak nakedly, without alleging proofs, Id.Phdr. 262c, cf. Lg. 811e);τὰς πράξεις αὐτὰς ψιλὰς φράζοντες Arist.Rh.Al. 1438b27
.2 ποίησις ψ. mere poetry, without music, i. e. Epic poetry, opp. Lyric ([etym.] ἡ ἐν ᾠδῇ), Pl.Phdr. 278c; soἄνευ ὀργάνων ψ. λόγοι Id.Smp. 215c
, cf. Arist.Po. 1447a29; ψ. τῷ στόματι, opp. μετ' ὀργάνων, as a kind of μουσική, Pl.Plt. 268b;λύρας φθόγγοι.. ψιλοὶ καὶ ἀμεικτότεροι τῇ φωνῇ Arist.Pr. 922a16
; ἡ ψ. φωνή the ordinary sound of the voice, opp. singing ([etym.] ἡ ᾠδική), D.H. Comp.11.3 ψ. μουσική instrumental music unaccompanied by the voice, opp. ἡ μετὰ μελῳδίας, Arist.Pol. 1339b20; ψιλῷ μέλει διαγωνίζεσθαι πρὸς ᾠδὴν καὶ κιθάραν, of Marsyas, Plu.2.713d, cf. Phld.Mus. p.100K.; soψ. κιθάρισις καὶ αὔλησις Pl.Lg. 669e
; ψιλὸς αὐλητής one who plays unaccompanied on the flute (cf. ψιλοκιθαριστής), Phryn. 145.V mere, simple (cf. supr. IV. 1), ἀριθμητικὴ ψιλή, opp. geometry and the like , Pl.Plt. 299e; ὕδωρ ψ., opp. σὺν οἴνῳ, Hp.Int.35; ψ. ἀναίρεσις mere removal, Phld.Sign.12; ψ. ἄνδρες, i. e. men without women, Antip.Stoic.3.254:—Oedipus calls Antigone his ψιλὸν ὄμμα, as being the one poor eye left him, S.OC 866. Adv. merely, only,Plu.
Per.15; ἕνεκα τοῦ ψ. εἰπεῖν for the purpose of merely saying, Sch. Il.Oxy.1086.65; ψ. ὀνομάζειν call by the bare name (without epithet), Phld.Vit.p.39J.VI Gramm. of vowels,ψ. ἦχος
without the spiritus asper,Demetr.
Eloc.73;ψ. πνεῦμα A.D.Adv.148.9
, D.T.Supp. 674.15;ψιλῶς λέγεσθαι A.D.Pron.57.3
.b of the letters ε and υ written simply, not as αι and οι, which represented the sounds in late Gr.,μαθόντες τὰ διὰ τοῦ διφθόγγου ᾱῑ τυχὸν ἅπαντα, ἐδιδάχθημεν τὰ ἄλλα πάντα ψιλὰ γράφεσθαι Hdn.Epim. 162
, cf. An.Ox.1.124: hence ἐψιλόν as name of the letter ε and ὐψιλόν as name of υ, which are first found in Anon. post Et.Gud.679.6, 678.55, and Chrysoloras: ἐ ψιλόν is f. l. in D.T.631.5: but inπᾶσα λέξις ἀπὸ τῆς κ ¯ ε ¯ συλλαβῆς ἀρχομένη διὰ τοῦ ε ¯ ψιλοῦ γράφεται.. πλὴν τοῦ καί, κτλ. Hdn.Epim.62
, ε ¯ ψ. is not yet merely the name of the letter: for ὐψιλόν v. sub ὖ, cf. Sch. Heph.p.93C.2 of mute consonants, the litterae tenues, π κ τ, opp. φ χ θ, o(/sai gi/gnontai xwris th=s tou= pneu/matos e)kbolh=s Arist. Aud. 804b10, cf. D.H.Comp.14, D.T.631.21; ψιλῶς καλεῖν pronounce with a littera tenuis for an aspirate, e. g., ῥάπυς for ῥάφυς, ἀσπάραγος for ἀσφάραγος, Ath.9.369b, cf. Eust.81.5, Tz.H.11.58. -
3 κόρση
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `temple, hair on the t.', metaph. `parapets etc.' (Il.; in Att. expressions πατάσσειν, τύπτειν, ῥαπίζειν ἐπὶ κόρρης; where prose has κρόταφος).Compounds: Compp. πυρσόκορσος "with red temples(hair)", i. e. `with red manes' ( λέων; A. Fr. 110), ψιλο-κόρσης m. `bald-headed' (Call., Hdn.); κορσο-ειδής ( λίθος) "with the colour of the temples", i. e. `gray' (Plin.; cf. MGr. κορσίτης; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 56), Κορρί-μαχος (Thess.; Kretschmer Glotta 2, 350).Etymology: Prob. as subst. adj. "shaven place" to κορσός *`shaven' (after H. = κορμός), with σ-ο-suffix to κείρειν; cf. esp. κορσοῦν κείρειν H., ἀ-κερσε-κόμης and κουρά (s. v.). This interpretation goes back to antiquity, e. g. Poll. 2, 32: καὶ κόρσας τινες ἐκάλεσαν τὰς τρίχας διὰ τὸ κείρεσθαι; it was in recent times defended by Wackernagel KZ 29, 128 and Schwyzer 285. Only `hair' is not the original meaning, but a poetic metaphor; we have to start from `haircut (a the side of the head)', s. Frisk GHÅ 57: 4, 14ff. with many parallels. - Not (s. Bq) to κέρας. To be rejected also J. Schmidt Pluralbild. 374 ; Forbes Glotta 36, 258ff. (to κρόταφος). Cf. K. Forbes, Glotta 36 (1958) 191-205.Page in Frisk: 1,923Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόρση
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4 κράμβη
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `cabbage' (IA) [The word was until now mentioned under κράμβος, with which it has nothing to do. Cf. also RPh. 71 (1997) 165, where it is noted that a reading *γάμβρη is wrong. Furnée (see on κράμβος) did not split the words either.Compounds: As 1. member e.g. κραμβο-κέφαλος `cabbage-headed' (pap.).Derivatives: κράμβη f. `cabbage' (IA.; with κραμβίδιον `id.' (Antiph.), κραμβίον `cabbage-soup' (Hp.; NGr. forms [partly with γρ-] in Georgakas ByzZ 41, 362), κραμβίς `cabbage-worm' (Ael.; Strömberg Wortstudien 9), κραμβήεις `cabbage-like' (Nic.), κραμβίτας m. `greengrocer' (Thessal.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 37).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: No etym. (After the shrunken leaves, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 24, who connected the word still with κράμβος, s.v.; but the connection with the German word must now be forgotten.) - Lat. LW [loanword] crambē (Plin.). Npers. LW [loanword] karaṃb `cabbage'.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κράμβη
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5 πέλεια
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `wild pigeon', (Il.).Compounds: As 1. member in πελειο-θρέμμων `feeding pigeons' (A.); also metaph. as name of the priestesses of the sanctuary of Dodona (Hdt., S., Paus.).Derivatives: πελείους Κῶοι καὶ οἱ Ήπειρῶται τοὺς γέροντας καὶ τὰς πρεσβύτιδας H.Etymology: As so many animal-names (Chantraine Form. 98, Schwyzer 474) formation with ια-suffix; from that with the in animal-names also frequent αδ-suffix (Chantraine 354 a. 356, Schw. 508, Sommer Münch. Stud. 4,6f.) πελειάς. The masc. πελείους is sec. innovation. -- Clearly like e.g. Lat. palumbēs named after the colour and cognate with πελιός, πολιός, πελιτνός, but in detail not quite clear. Accent as in λίγεια, ἐλάχεια (s. vv.) a.o., so from an υ-stem *πελύς `gray' ? -- Because of their gray-white haircolour the priestesses in Dodona (like the old ones in Cos and Epeiros) were called "the doves"; so the prop. meaning not with Bq, WP. 2, 53, W.-Hofmann s. palleō "the Gray-headed Old Ones". -- Cf. περιστερά.Page in Frisk: 2,496Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πέλεια
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6 κεφαλωτός
A with a head, headed, Arist.Cat. 7a16; of plants with a head,πράσον Dsc.2.149
, cf. Epaenet. ap. Ath.9.371e, Mnesith. Cyz. ap. Orib.inc.15.18, Gp.12.1.8: Subst. - ωτόν (sc. πράσον), τό, BGU1120.16 (i B.C.); also, of a bolt, with a flat head,περόνη κ. Ph. Bel.76.3
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > κεφαλωτός
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7 λογχωτός
2 composed of, or ornamented with, spear-heads,ὅρμος IG11(2).161
B 23, al.; φιάλη ib.l.75 (Delos, iii B. C.);λογχωτοὶ χιτῶνες Lyd.Mag. 1.17
, cf. 2.4.II λογχωτόν, τό, = χαλκανθές, interpol. in Dsc.5.98, cf. Plin.HN34.124.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > λογχωτός
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8 νεανίας
Aνεανίοις IG9(2).205.25
(Phthiotis, iii B.C.): ([etym.] νεάν):—young man, Hom. (only in Od.) always withἀνήρ, νεηνίῃ ἀνδρὶ ἐοικώς Od.10.278
;ἄνδρες κοιμήσαντο νεηνίαι 14.524
;παῖδες νεηνίαι Hdt.1.61
, cf.7.99;ν. γαμβρός Pi.O.7.4
;τέκτονες κώμων ν. Id.N.3.5
: without a Subst. in Hdt.1.37,43, S.OC 335, El. 750, E.Alc. 698, X.Mem.3.1.2, etc.2 freq. with the sense of a youth in character, i.e. either in good sense, impetuous, active, E. Ion 1041, cf. Ar.V. 1333, X.Cyr.1.3.6, D.18.313; or in bad sense, hot-headed, wilful, headstrong, E.Supp. 580;ἓν μὲν τοίνυν τοῦτο.. πολίτευμα τοῦ νεανίου τούτου D.18.136
, cf. Pl.Sph. 239d.II as masc. Adj., youthful,νεανίαι τὰς ὄψεις Lys.10.29
.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > νεανίας
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9 νεανιεύομαι
A- εύσομαι D.19.242
: [tense] aor.ἐνεανιευσάμην Id.21.69
:—[voice] Pass. (v. infr.):—to be a youth, Ph.1.303, Poll. 2.20.II more freq., act like a hot-headed youth, wilfully or wantonly, swagger, Ar.Fr. 827, Lys Fr. 324 S.; ν. εἰς τοὺς πολίτας behave so towards.., Isoc.20.17, cf. Hyp.Eux.27;ἐν τοῖς λόγοις Pl.Grg. 482c
; with youthful insolence,Plu.
Cic.1:— [voice] Pass., ἐφ' ἅπασι τοῖς ἑαυτῷ νενεανιευμένοις to all his wanton acts, D. 21.18;τὰ ἐν τῇ βουλῇ νεανιευθέντα Plu.Mar.29
.2 make youthful, i.e. bold, promises, c. Adj. neut., ν. τοιοῦτον, ὡς .. D.19.194;οὐδ' ἐνεανιεύσατο τοιοῦτον οὐδέν Id.21.69
;μέχρι τοῦ λόγου ν. Luc.
Bis Acc. 21: c. inf., undertake with youthful spirit, Plu.Dem.3.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > νεανιεύομαι
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10 ἄρχω
ἄρχω, reg. in act. and mid., but without perf., and without pass.: I. act., lead off, begin (for others to follow), lead, command; τοῖς ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε, ‘was the first’ to speak; ἦρχ' ἀγορεύειν, ἦρχε δ ὁδοῖο, ‘lead the way,’ Od. 5.237 ; πάντες ἅμα, Ζεὺς δ' ἦρχε, ‘headed by Zeus,’ Il. 1.495; in the sense of ‘commanding,’ foll. by dat., ἦρχε δ' ἄρα σφιν | Ἕκτωρ, Il. 16.552, etc.; with part., ἐγὼ δ' ἦρχον χαλεπαίνων, ‘was the first to offend,’ ‘began the quarrel,’ Il. 2.378, Il. 3.447, different from the inf.— II. mid., begin something that one is himself to continue; ἤρχετο μύθων, began ‘his’ or ‘her’ speaking; ἤρχετο μῆτιν ὑφαίνειν, etc.; ἔκ τινος ἄρχεσθαι, make a beginning ‘with’ something, or ‘at’ some point, sometimes gen. without a prep., σέο δ' ἄρξομαι, Ι , Od. 21.142; of ritual observance (beginning a sacrifice), πάντων ἀρχόμενος μελέων, Od. 14.428 (cf. ἀπάρχομαι).A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > ἄρχω
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11 ζυγόν
Grammatical information: n.Meaning: `yoke' (Il.), also metaph., e. g. of a cross-wood, of the rowing benches connecting the two ship sides, of the tongue of a balance, of a pair, of a row or a rank of soldiers (oppos. στοῖχος), as land measure.Other forms: Hell. mostly - ός m., rarely earlier, s. Schwyzer-Debrunner 37.)Compounds: Often in compp., e. g. πολύ-ζυγος `with many rowing benches', ζυγό-δεσμον `yoke-straps' (Il.), also ζυγη-φόρος `carrying a yoke' (A., analog.-metr. beside ζυγο-φόρος; Schwyzer 439 n. 1).Derivatives: Seberal deriv.: 1. ζύγιον `rowing bench' (hell.). 2. ζυγίσκον meaning unclear (IG 22, 1549, 9, Eleusis, + 300a). 3. ζύγαινα the hammer-headed shark (Epich., Arist.; after the shape of the skull, Strömberg Fischnamen 35). 4. ζυγίς `thyme' (Dsc.; motivation of the name unknown, Strömberg Pflanzennamen 56). 5. ζούγωνερ (= *ζύγωνες) βόες ἐργάται. Λάκωνες H. 6. ζυγίτης name of a rower (sch.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 44), f. ζυγῖτις Hera as goddess of marriage (Nicom. ap. Phot.; Redard 209). 7. ζυγία `maple' (Thphr.) prop. "yoke-wood" (s. Strömberg Theophrastea 114), because the hard maple was mainly used to make yokes (so even now in southern Italy), Rohlfs WB VI and 86; also Rohlfs ByzZ 37, 57, Dawkins JournofHellStud. 56, 1f.; diff. Strömberg Pflanzennamen 56 (after the pairwise attached fruits). 8. ζύγαστρον `wooden cist, chest' s.v. σίγιστρον - Adject. 9. ζύγιος `belonging to the yoke etc.' (Att. etc.; also as nautical expression, s. Morrison Class. Quart. 41, 128ff.). 10. ζύγιμος `id.' (Plb.; s. Arbenz Die Adj. auf - ιμος 94). 11. ζυγικός `belonging to the tongue of a balance' (Nicom. Harm.). Adv. ζυγ-άδην (Ph.), ζυγ-ηδόν (Hld.) `pairwise'. - Denomin. verbs: 1. ζυγόω `yoke, connect (through a cross-wood), shut, hold the balance' (A., hell.) with ζύγωμα `bar, cross-rod' (Plb.), ζύγωσις `balancing' (hell.), *ζύγωθρον in the denomin. aor. ipv. ζυγώθρισον (Ar. Nu. 745; meaning uncertain, `weigh' or `shut'?). 2. ζυγέω `form a row or rank' (Plb.). - Beside ζυγόν as 2. member the verbal root - ζυξ, e. g. ἄ-ζυξ `unconnected, unmarried', ὁμό-, σύ-ζυξ `yoked together, connected' (also ἄ-, ὁμό-, σύ-ζυγος), s. Chantraine REGr. 59-60, 231f.Etymology: Old name of a device, retained in most IE languages, e. g. Hitt. iugan, Skt. yugám, Lat. iugum, Germ., e. g. Goth. juk, IE *i̯ugóm; more forms Pok. 509f., W.-Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. iugum. - The root noun - ζυξ also in Lat. con-iux `spouse', Skt. a-yúj- `not forming a pair, uneven' (formally = ἄ-ζυξ except the accent), sa-yúj- `connected, companion' a. o. - Cf. ζεύγνυμι and ζεῦγος. Rix, Hist. Gramm. 60, 70 suggests Hi̯-, which is still uncertain.Page in Frisk: 1,615-616Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ζυγόν
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12 κατέχω
κατέχω impf. κατεῖχον; fut. καθέξω LXX, 3 pl. κατασχήσουσι (JosAs 16 [p. 64, 18 Bat. and cod. A]); 2 aor. κατέσχον. Pass.: fut. 2 pl. κατασχεθήσεσθε Ruth 1:13; aor. 3 sg. κατεσχέθη LXX (s. ἔχω; Hom.+). Trans. in all mngs. below, except 7.① to prevent the doing of someth. or cause to be ineffective, prevent, hinder, restrainⓐ to hold someone back from going away hold back, hinder, prevent from going away (Hom. et al.; BGU 1205, 27 [28 B.C.]; 37, 6 [50 A.D.]; PFay 109, 11; Gen 24:56; cp. Jos., Ant. 7, 76; Just., A I, 45, 1) Hs 9, 11, 6. ὸ̔ν ἐβουλόμην πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν κ. whom I wished to keep with me Phlm 13. Foll. by gen. of the inf. w. article (B-D-F §400, 4) οἱ ὄχλοι κατεῖχον αὐτὸν τοῦ μὴ πορεύεσθαι ἀπʼ αὐτῶν Lk 4:42.ⓑ hold down, suppress τὶ someth. (γέλωτα X., Cyr. 2, 2, 1; Chariton 3, 7, 4 τ. λύπην; WCrum, Coptic Ostraca p. 4, 522=Dssm., LO 260 [LAE 306]=PGM II 233, no. O 1, 1–3 Κρόνος, ὁ κατέχων τὸν θυμὸν ὅλων τ. ἀνθρώπων, κάτεχε τ. θυμὸν Ὡρι; cp. II, 7, 935f, p 41; Jos., Vi. 233 τ. ὀργήν) τ. ἀλήθειαν ἐν ἀδικίᾳ stifle the truth by unrighteousness/ wickedness Ro 1:18 (cp. JFitzmyer, Ro [AB], ’93, 278; but s. 6 below).ⓒ to prevent someone from exercising power, restrain, check (Thu. 6, 29, 3; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 149 §622 τοῦ δαίμονος κατέχοντος τὸ πέλαγος=divine power held the sea back until Alexander reached the other shore; PGiss 70, 3 [II A.D.] ἡ ἀναγραφὴ κατέσχεν ἡμᾶς μέχρι ὥρας ἕκτης) ἵνα μὴ κατέξω τ̣ὰ [προς]|τεταγμένα καὶ ἐπεικίμ̣[εν]α so that I might not delay (carrying out) the instructions and orders AcPl Ha 7, 14f. τὸ κατέχον (Themistocl., Ep. 13, 4) 2 Th 2:6 and ὁ κατέχων vs. 7 mean that which restrains and one who restrains, i.e. what prevents God’s adversary fr. coming out in open opposition to God, for the time being. In an effort to define κ. more specifically here, many interpreters have followed the exegesis of the ancient church (Tertullian) and taken τὸ κ. to be the Roman Empire and ὁ κ. the Emperor (OBetz, NTS 9, ’63, 276–91). An alternative view, as old as Theodore of Mops., but without sustained acceptance, would make τὸ κ. the preaching of Christian missionaries and ὁ κ. the apostle Paul (so OCullmann, Dodd Festschr. ’56, 409–21). These and other attempts to limit more precisely the mng. of these terms in 2 Th invite skepticism because of insufficient textual data (vs. 5 appears to imply in-house information). The concept of the temporary restraining of the forces of hell (cp. Rtzst., Poim. 27 late Egyptian prayer 6, 4 Horus as κατέχων δράκοντα=PGM 4, 994f; cp. 2770 Μιχαὴλ … κατέχων, ὸ̔ν καλέουσι δράκοντα μέγαν) does not appear to play any role here.—WBousset, D. Antichrist 1895; NFreese, StKr 93, 1921, 73–77; VHartl, ZKT 45, 1921, 455–75; WSchröder, D. 2. Thess. 1929, 8–15; DBuzy, RSR 24, ’34, 402–31; OCullmann, RThAM 1, ’38, 26–61; JSchmid, TQ 129, ’49, 323–43; OBetz, NTS 9, ’63, 276–91. Difft. CGiblin, Threat to Faith ’67, 167–242, a hostile power. S. also JTownsend, SBLSP 19, ’80, 233–46; RAus, JBL 96, ’77, 537–53; New Docs 3, 28.ⓓ to hold back with design hold back τὶ someth. κ. ἐν μυστηρίῳ τὴν σοφὴν αὐτοῦ βουλήν hold back his wise plan as a secret Dg 8:10.② to adhere firmly to traditions, convictions, or beliefs, hold to, hold fast (cp. the lit. sense λαμπάδας ἐν ταῖς χερσίν ParJer 3:2)ⓐ keep in one’s memory (Theophr., Char. 26, 2, a word of Homer) εἰ κατέχετε if you hold it fast 1 Cor 15:2.ⓑ hold fast, retain faithfully (X., Symp. 8, 26 τ. φιλίαν; TestJud 26:1 τ. ὁδούς) τὸν λόγον Lk 8:15. τὰς παραδόσεις guard the traditions 1 Cor 11:2. τὸ καλόν hold fast what is good 1 Th 5:21; Agr 11. τὴν παρρησίαν βεβαίαν κ. keep the confidence firm Hb 3:6; cp. vs. 14. κ. τὴν ὁμολογίαν ἀκλινῆ 10:23.③ to keep in one’s possession, possess (Ps.-Aristot., Mirabilia 159; 160; Polyb. 1, 2, 3; IMagnMai 105, 51 [II B.C.] ἵνα ἔχωσιν κατέχωσίν τε καρπίζωνταί τε; Ezk 33:24; Da 7:18, 22; Ath. 8:3) τὶ someth. Mt 21:38 v.l.; ὡς μηδὲν ἔχοντες καὶ πάντα κατέχοντες 2 Cor 6:10 (DMealand [ZNW 67, ’76, 277–79] cites Ps.-Crates Ep. 7 Hercher=p. 58 no. 7, 8 Malherbe: ἔχοντες μηδὲν πάντʼ ἔχομεν, ὑμεῖς δὲ πάντʼ ἔχοντες οὐδὲν ἔχετε). Abs. 1 Cor 7:30.④ to keep within limits in a confining manner, confineⓐ in prison keep, confine (PFlor 61, 60; BGU 372 I, 16; Gen 39:20; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 21) pass. Χριστιανοὶ κατέχονται ὡς ἐν φρουρᾷ τῷ κόσμῳ they are confined in the world as in a prison Dg 6:7.ⓑ by law: ἀποθανόντες ἐν ᾧ κατειχόμεθα having died to that by which we were bound Ro 7:6 (cp. PAmh 97, 17 οὐ κατασχεθήσομαι τῇ ὑποσχέσει; PRyl 117, 13).ⓒ by disease (Diod S 4, 14, 5; Philo, Op. M. 71, Congr. Erud. Grat. 138; PSI 299, 3 κατεσχέθην νόσῳ; act., Jer 13:21; Jos., Vi. 48) Lk 4:38 D; J 5:4 v.l.⑤ to have a place as one’s own, take into one’s possession, occupy (Hdt. 5, 72 et al.; PAmh 30, 26 [II B.C.] τὴν οἰκίαν) τὸν ἔσχατον τόπον Lk 14:9 (cp. Philosoph. Max. 491, 69 τὸν κάλλιστον κατέχουσι τόπον; Jos., Ant. 8, 104). Cp. GPt 5:15.—AcPl Ha 5, 28 [κατ]ε̣ῖ̣χεν αὐτὰς ἔκστασις perh. means astonishment overcame them.⑥ lay claim to, legal t.t. Ro 1:18 (the point is that a claim is made for truth, which is denied in practice, cp. vss. 22f; s. FDanker, in Gingrich Festschr. 93. For a difft. interpr. see 1b above).⑦ hold course, nautical t.t., intr. (Hdt. 7, 188 κατέσχε ἐς τὸν αἰγιαλόν; Dicaearchus, Fgm. 85 W. εἰς Δῆλον κατέσχε; Polyb. 1, 25, 7; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 4, 13 p. 133, 5; 5, 18 p. 178, 13; cp. Jos., Ant. 1, 204) κατεῖχον εἰς τὸν αἰγιαλόν they headed for the beach Ac 27:40.⑧ Perh. in the sense of determine (cp. προσέχω 2c) κατεχόντων εἰ ἄρα ἀληθῶς ἀπέθανεν AcPt Ox 849, 2f; s. ed.’s notes.—M-M. EDNT. TW. Spicq. -
13 κεφαλή
κεφαλή, ῆς, ἡ (Hom.+) gener. ‘head’.① the part of the body that contains the brain, headⓐ of humans, animals, and transcendent beings. Humans: Mt 5:36 (on swearing by the head s. Athen. 2, 72, 66c; Test12Patr; PGM 4, 1917; cp. Juvenal, Satires 6, 16f); 6:17; 14:8, 11; 26:7; 27:29f; Mk 6:24f, 27f; 14:3; 15:19; Lk 7:46; J 13:9; 19:2; 20:7; 1 Cor 11:4b (JMurphy-O’Connor, CBQ 42, ’80, 485 [lit.] ‘his head’=‘himself’), 5ab, 7, 10; 12:21; Rv 18:19 (cp. Josh 7:6; La 2:10); 1 Cl 37:5; 56:5 (Ps 140:5); B 13:5 (Gen 48:14); Hm 11:20; Papias (3:2 [not g and h]); GJs 2:4; 9:1; AcPl Ha 11, 1.—Animals: B 7:8 (of the scapegoat Lev 16; cp. vs. 21).—In apocal. presentations in connection w. human figures: Rv 1:14; 4:4; 9:7 12:1; 14:14; 19:12; w. animals: 9:7, 17, 19; 12:3 (s. δράκων); 13:1, 3; 17:3, 7, 9 (cp. Ael. Aristid. 50, 50 K.=26 p. 517 D.: ὤφθη τὸ ἕδος [of Asclepius] τρεῖς κεφαλὰς ἔχον. A person sees himself in a dream provided with a plurality of heads Artem. 1, 35 p. 37, 14: δύο ἔχειν κεφαλὰς ἢ τρεῖς. Also the many-headed dog Cerberus of the underworld in Hesiod, Theog. 311 al. as well as Heraclit. Sto. 33 p. 49, 14); Hv 4, 1, 6; 10; of angels Rv 10:1.—The hair(s) of the head (Philo, Leg. ad Gai. 223) Mt 10:30; Lk 7:38, 44 v.l.; 12:7; 21:18; Ac 27:34. τὴν κ. κλίνειν lay down the head to sleep Mt 8:20; Lk 9:58. Sim. J 19:30 (s. Hdb. ad loc.). κινεῖν τὴν κ. (s. κινέω 2a) Mt 27:39; Mk 15:29; 1 Cl 16:16 (Ps 21:8); ἐπαίρειν τὴν κ. (s. ἐπαίρω 1) Lk 21:28; shear the head, i.e. cut the hair as a form of a vow Ac 21:24; cp. 18:18. Of baptism ἔκχεον εἰς τὴν κεφαλὴν τρὶς ὕδωρ D 7:3. Of the anointing of Jesus’ head IEph 17:1. κατὰ κεφαλῆς ἔχειν have (someth.) on the head (s. κατά A 1a) 1 Cor 11:4a; also w. specification of object ἐπὶ w. gen. Rv 14:14; Hv 4, 1, 10; or εἰς 4, 3, 1. ἐπάνω τῆς κ. above his head Mt 27:37. Also πρὸς τῇ κ. J 20:12. (ἀστὴρ) ἔστη ἐπὶ τὴν κ. τοῦ παιδίου GJs 21:3 (cp. Mt 2:9).—Well-known expr. fr. the OT: ἄνθρακας πυρὸς σωρεύειν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. τινος Ro 12:20 (s. ἄνθραξ). A curse-formula: τὸ αἷμα ὑμῶν ἐπὶ τὴν κ. ὑμῶν your blood be on your own heads (s. αἷμα 2a and cp. Demosth., Ep. 4, 10 τ. ἄδικον βλασφημίαν εἰς κεφαλὴν τῷ λέγοντι τρέπουσι; 6, 1; Maximus Tyr. 5, 1d; Aesop, Fab. 206 P.=372 H./313 Ch./222 H-H. ὸ̔ θέλεις σὺ τούτοις ἐπὶ τῇ σῇ κεφαλῇ γένοιτο; Phalaris, Ep. 102 εἰς κεφαλὴν σοί τε καὶ τῷ σῷ γένει)=you are responsible for your own destruction Ac 18:6; cp. GPt 5:17.ⓑ in imagery οὐκ ἔκλινας τὴν κ. σου ὑπὸ τὴν κραταιὰν χεῖραν you have not bowed your head under the mighty hand (of God) GJs 15:4. Of pers. (Plut., Galba 1054 [4, 3] G. as κ. ἰσχυρῷ σώματι, namely of the Galatian territories) Christ the κ. of the ἐκκλησία thought of as a σῶμα Col 1:18; cp. 2:19 (Artem. 2, 9 p. 92, 25 ἡ κεφαλὴ ὑπερέχει τοῦ παντὸς σώματος; schol. on Nicander, Alexiph. 215 ἡ κεφαλὴ συνέχει πᾶν τὸ σῶμα); Christ and Christians as head and members ITr 11:2. (SBedale, JTS 5, ’54, 211–15; New Docs 3, 45f [lit.]; not ‘source’: JFitzmyer, NTS 35, ’89, 503–11.) S. mng. 2a.② a being of high status, head, fig. (of Asclepius IG II2, 4514, 6; in gnostic speculation: Iren. 1, 5, 3 [Harv. I 45, 13]. ὁ μέγας ἄρχων, ἡ κ. τοῦ κόσμου Hippol., Ref. 7, 23, 3).ⓐ in the case of living beings, to denote superior rank (cp. Artem. 4, 24 p. 218, 8 ἡ κ. is the symbol of the father; Judg 11:11; 2 Km 22:44) head (Zosimus of Ashkelon [500 A.D.] hails Demosth. as his master: ὦ θεία κεφαλή [Biogr. p. 297]) of the father as head of the family Hs 7, 3; of the husband in relation to his wife 1 Cor 11:3b; Eph 5:23a. Of Christ in relation to the Christian community Eph 4:15; 5:23b. But Christ is the head not only of the body of Christians, but of the universe as a whole: κ. ὑπὲρ πάντα Eph 1:22, and of every cosmic power κ. πάσης ἀρχῆς καὶ ἐξουσίας the head of all might and power Col 2:10. The divine influence on the world results in the series (for the growing distance from God with corresponding results cp. Ps.-Aristot. De Mundo 6, 4): God the κ. of Christ, Christ the κ. of man, the man the κ. of the woman 1 Cor 11:3cab (s. on γυνή 1). JFitzmyer, Int 47, ’93, 52–59.ⓑ of things the uppermost part, extremity, end, point (Pappus of Alex., mathematician [IV A.D.] in the 8th book [ed. CGerhardt 1871 p. 379 τῇ κεφαλῇ τοῦ κοχλίου=at the point of the screw; Judg 9:25; En 17:2; Jos., Bell. 2, 48, Ant. 3, 146; oft. pap of plots of ground) κ. γωνίας the cornerstone (so M‘Neile, Mt ad loc.; REB ( main) corner-stone, and w. proper omission of the alternative rendering at 1 Pt 2:7 in NEB mg.; the cornerstone thus forms the farthest extension [cp. PFlor 50, 83] of the corner, though JJeremias, Αγγελος I 1925, 65–70, ZNW 29, 1930, 264–80, TW IV 277–79 thinks of it as the capstone above the door; so also OMichel, TW IV 892, V 129 [difft. 151]; KSchelkle, RAC I 233f; RMcKelvey, NTS 8, ’62, 352–59 [lit. 353 n. 1–3]. S. HGressmann, PJ 6, 1910, 38–45; GWhitaker, Exp. 8th ser., 22, 1921, 470ff. For another view s. lit. s.v. ἀκρογωνιαῖος) Mt 21:42; Mk 12:10; Lk 20:17 (on these three pass. s. JDerrett, TU 102, ’68, 180–86); Ac 4:11; 1 Pt 2:7 (Selwyn ad loc.: “extremity and not height is the point connoted”); B 6:4 (all Ps 117:22).—κ.= capital (city) (Appian, Illyr. 19 §54) Ac 16:12 D (but ‘frontier city’ AClark, Acts of the Apostles ’33, 362–65 and JLarsen, CTM 17, ’46, 123–25).—B. 212. Schmidt, Syn. I 361–69. DELG. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
14 πολυκέφαλος
πολῠ-κέφᾰλος, ον,A many-headed, ; , cf. Arist.GA 769b27; of plants, interpol. in Dsc.2.152; π. στρέβλα (with allusion to Pl.R.l.c.) LXX 4 Ma. 7.14; νόμος π., a celebrated air on the flute, so called from its expressing the hissing of the serpents round the Gorgon's head, Plu.2.1133d.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > πολυκέφαλος
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15 τετρακέφαλος
τετρᾰ-κέφᾰλος, ον,A four-headed, Epigr. ap. Eust.1353.8, Phleg.36.20 J., Lyd.Mens.3.8, Sch.Ar.Ach. 1081 [with penult. long, as if - κέφαλλος, Epigr. l.c., cf. κυνοκέφαλος].Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τετρακέφαλος
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16 τρισσοκέφαλος
τρισσο-κέφᾰλος, ον,Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > τρισσοκέφαλος
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17 νηφάλιος
νηφάλιος, ία, ον (νήφω; Aeschyl. et al.; Plut.; SIG 1040, 26), late form νηφαλέος, α, ον (v.l.; Herodian Gr. I 114, 17 et al.; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 82; Etym. Mag. p. 261, 52; 262, 2; AcJ 69 [p. 184, 10]. On the accent s. Kühner-Bl. II p. 297, 11; B-D-F §35, 3; Mlt-H. 76; 362) of pers. (cp. Philo, Sobr. 2, Mos. 1, 187; Jos., Ant. 3, 279)① pert. to being very moderate in the drinking of an alcoholic beverage, temperate, sober (so Dibelius/Conzelmann, Hermeneia comm. ad loc. On the topic of moderation in drinking wine s. Theognis 467–510. For prohibition of strong drink to priests when engaging in official duties s. Lev 10:8) 1 Ti 3:2 (opp. πάροινος vs. 3. The latter term is in a series chiefly composed of negatives that contrast with the positive virtues in vs. 2), 11 (cp. Tit 2:3 and the sterotyped ‘anus’ [‘hag’] who is given to drink in Lat. lit.: Ovid, Fasti 3, 765f et al.; VRoswach, Classical World 88, ’94, 113f; Arnott, Alexis p. 504) Tit 2:2. Others interpret metaph.② pert. to being restrained in conduct, self-controlled, level-headed fig. ext. of 1 (s. next entry): 1 Ti 3:2, 11; Tit 2:2.—DELG s.v. νήφω. M-M. TW. -
18 ἀντοφθαλμέω
ἀντοφθαλμέω 1 aor. inf. ἀντοφθαλμῆσαι Wsd 12:14 (s. ὀφθαλμός; oft. in Polyb., w. whom it is a characteristic word, in var. mngs.; also UPZ 110, 43 [II B.C.]) the term suggests an eye that is focused directly on someth. look directly at, of the sun εἰς τὰς ἀκτῖνας αὐτοῦ B 5:10 (cp. Antig. Car. 46; GrBar 7:4). τινί look someone in the face: τῷ ἐργοπαρέκτῃ his employer 1 Cl 34:1. ἀ. τῇ ἀληθείᾳ look the truth in the face honestly or defiantly (Περὶ ὕψους 34, 4 α. τοῖς ἐκείνου πάθεσιν=the passions of that person; Wsd 12:14) Ac 6:10 D. Metaph. of a ship τοῦ πλοίου μὴ δυναμένοι ἀ. τῷ ἀνέμῳ since the ship was not able to face the wind, i.e. with its bow headed against the force of the waves Ac 27:15 (s. Breusing 167f; CVoigt, Hansa 53, 1916, 728).—DELG s.v. ὄπωπα. M-M.
См. также в других словарях:
-headed — [ hedəd ] suffix 1. ) used with some adjectives to make adjectives describing the color of someone s hair: a red headed woman 2. ) used with some adjectives to make adjectives describing someone s character: hard headed (=not letting your… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
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Headed — Head Head (h[e^]d), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Headed}; p. pr. & vb. n. {Heading}.] 1. To be at the head of; to put one s self at the head of; to lead; to direct; to act as leader to; as, to head an army, an expedition, or a riot. Dryden. [1913… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
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headed — /ˈhɛdəd/ (say heduhd) adjective 1. having a heading. 2. shaped or grown into a head. 3. provided with a head or heads: a four headed monster …
headed — head ► NOUN 1) the upper part of the human body, or the front or upper part of the body of an animal, containing the brain, mouth, and sense organs. 2) a person in charge; a director or leader. 3) the front, forward, or upper part or end of… … English terms dictionary
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light-headed — adjective 1. lacking seriousness; given to frivolity (Freq. 1) a dizzy blonde light headed teenagers silly giggles • Syn: ↑airheaded, ↑dizzy, ↑empty headed, ↑ … Useful english dictionary
bare-headed — with one s head exposed, with the head not covered, having no covering for the head … English contemporary dictionary
